Apparatus for the treatment of corn, grain, fruit, and the like.



per

J. C. A. POINTE. APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CORN, GRAINJRUIT, ANDTHE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22. 1913, 1,244,774. Patented Oct. 30,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witness e '8 s hour/nor:

J. C. A. POINTE. APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CORN, GRAIN, FRUIT, ANDTHE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, I913. 1,4437, Patented Oct. 30,1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Inventor: r Jmes Charles/4 dxienRbvrE.

Attorney ArrAnA'rUsron THE TREATMENT'OF 0031 enrimarnuin AND'THE LIKE.

ToaZZ whom it may concern: I Be it known that I,' ADRIEN Ponv'rn, acitizen of the Republic of France, residing n12 Rue Ferdin'anddeLesseps, Dijon, in the Republic, of France, have invented certain nevvand useful linprovements in Apparatus for the Treatment of Corn, Grains,Fruit," and'the like, of which the following a specification.

' At present the transformation or ivheat into bread and in general thetransformation of grains into paste, necessitatesftwo distinct andsuccessive operations 'firs tly grinding, secondly,panification.' 1Q Bymeansof the present invention these two operations are eliminated'andthe transformation, for instance, ofivheat into paste susceptible ofmakingj'vvhite bread,-is :carried out in'one Operation the enucleationof hot hydrated Wheat previously neutralized and sterilizedandsufiiciently softened to free, under the actionoi appropriate pressure, the wliite'matter fro1n the husklcontaining it.

This operatlon carried out by a hydropulp extractor device which formsone of the features of the invention. It discharges a homogeneous pasteon one side and husks in the form of bran, on the, other. p c

The invention consists in nacera-ting the grains firstly with aviewltoneutralizing the diastases and oxydases contained, in the treatedsubstances and secondlygin vi w or softening the grainsand inhydro-pulp-ex tracting devicepermitting of carrying out eertain stagesof this process; Y

In v the accompanying drawing one form of construction is shovvn byvv'ayof, example.

' Figure 1 shows diagrammatically, partly in elevation, partly insection, an apparatus for treating corn, seeds, fruit ,and the like inaccordance With the invention;

Fi' s. 2 and3 show'diagrammatically, in planiand in section,respectively, certain constituent parts of thesaid apparatus.

fFig. 4 is an elevation of; the;apparatus shown in Fig.1.. c i i i .1The hydro pulp extra'ctin'g apparatus has a rubberfcovei'edcylinderlreprovided With r iil t n d r e .pe mi tie". o in sin nwe a ir-insert devis ,i igstrp cdimgi gir p bracket] "ecu'red H, ratus, and ascre'iv] ,rnepnted f t v the b sa ket watered treege $1. 9

blebeai'iiig 1e 'ifi'vvli1ch,tl'ie cylinder 1s JAMES CHARLns 0 isprovidedfcalledtlie bran; Sheetron ing JAMEscnanLEsannrnnro nrn,or:oIJon, FR Nen I v Specification of Letters'Pate nt. "Patented Q01].30,1917; Application filed April 2 2, 1913 v Se a 1m mined, On thescrevv .71 is niountedian internallyx threa ded pinion i which me heswith a vvormj jgcarried: by a shaft-10; {By rotating the, shaft lc thescrevv moved end vise and thefbearing ewitli the cylinder will be movedtoward rl-om c a dru n1 ]3to"behereinafter;described; The action exertedby the-'cylinderjAlrnay be re: re a vm fi l nde A'fii ff so forth,reproducing under I the L sameion; ditions the action brine, cylinder A.The parts rormingr e regulating devices the c linders A nd A7 are'designatedby the san e reference letters as (the corresponding parts ofthe device described in connection with cylinder but they are providedwith the iiidices and respectively. 'lhey inay act separately orsimultaneously so as to carry the extraction at more or less ad-v vanceddegree and to produce jdiff erent P o u e r e Bis a drum,called therecipient, ,lvvhich is cynmncnan hollow, and provided on one side Withan aXis'a and supported,,on the other, by rollers "g, 'lheserollers,aref'c'ar ried by a support ctniountedo-n ashaftt which is niountedtorotate inbearings d and b, (Fig. 3.) The revolvingisur faceisflattic'ed, or grated so" fasfto permit the r paste v which hastraversed the \virev'gaiizes or perforated sheets G and. D,tofpenetrate' intothe interior of the druin Where it 'is gathered; a An'upper ire. ga uie or" perforated {sheet an endless band enveloping thevvire gauze or perforated sheet 1),. called thesiftin'g' and paste sheetThe gauze orsheet Cis eearser e than thegau'z'e or sheet 'D. i in .c Themetallic gauze;forperforated'sheetfl) rests on the externahsurface ofthe drurn'a'nd covers it sleevelikef This gauze I or sll'efis fixed onthej dru'rnt y ib sidges bygnieans or a ju fix ng oop p 1 Thesei tvvgauzes I or Sheets are freinovable and susceptible of being changed.They; are of varying grades according tdth'e kindof grains treated andaccording to thenature of products to; be. obtained. j i

A rubberhcovered 'cylinder .rvariablev lob, Pre ser? err viqedt erte r-r We el tl err ebr i es aearree e he o fil l lim'dtfw ll erie iitr er.A

J t t iil tswemreel;l ri e e.

she t the drum B and in the directions indie cated by the arrows in thedrawing.

A trap-scraper F is located within the drum Ba The paste projectingthrough the grating of the drum B knocks against the scraper whereon. itslides until it; reaches the receptacle forming a dough trough. In thistrough a winged Archimedean screw rotates so as to knead the paste andto mix itwith other matter to" be addedsuch as ferments, yeast,'fat,'sugar, perfumes and so forth. From the kneadingtrough thecompleted and finished paste is carriedby the progressivemotion of. thewinged'Archimedean screw to the paste trough 'F.

A hot water basin is provided in which the paste troughiFff is placed:

' A rubber covered'rollerH called the bran extractor is .used to forcethe husks through the gauze or perforated sheet C while they areseized'andi detached'by, the scraper I.

7 A 'scraperserves to detach the husks and to cause them to drop in, thebran trough.

A' bran trough I" receives the husks scraped by the scraper I. I

i The feeder J consists of ahopper provided with regulator Jparalleltothe gauze C and opening the hopper onto this gauze.

vThe feed of the grains is also controlled by th'e'opening' of theregulator audit. is caused by the progressive motion of the gauze orsheetGandby the convergingrotation of the cylinder A;

The maceratorxK is provided with a sieve to suspend the products ofmaceration. This macerator is provided with a control-' labile heatingapparatus K and with a-hot water distributing valve L. p

i A 'valve'L andpipesupply the hot water basin with hot water.

i A foundation M of wood'or ofcast'iron supports the whole apparatus.

. The cylindrical]brush N clears the, gauze D from particles of corticalmatter.

Two hollow rollers of varying tension allow the gauze or sheet 0'tomove.

' Process (maop'emtz'ma- The grains, seeds, fruit and soforth aresubjected "to a double maceration, the first, a .chemical one, is inorder to neutralize the disastasesor p oXydases contained inthesubstance and. to

render the products appropriate for their industrial destination,-

. The second h sical one is in order'to produce a suificient'softeningto permit of ready enucleation ofth'e grains.

Gleaming thewheat.The cleaning of the wheat which for dry-grindingrequires several complicated apparatuses, is effected by washing-it withplenty of water. The light part such as damaged bad grains and so forth,straws, light grains, are eliminated simply. by the-overflow 'of 'th'ereceptacle. The heavy grains, 'vetch'es, corn, cookies and so. forth, donot soften and escape the enucleation produced by the cylinders; theyare found untouched together with the husks with-whichthey areeliminated The earth disintegrates and drops to the bottom together;with the stones which always. reach the bottom of the receptacle owingto their high density.

The wheat thus cleaned is ready for the subsequent operations. 7 p

First;maceration.1t consists in preparing withhotl or cold water asolution ofsodium chlorid which may be saturated indi-v eating 25 on thesalinometeryand in im-. mersing'therein thegrains so as toneutralizeithe diastases or oxydasesr As an indication of the time takenthe duration of immersion, for mediumwheat it may last up to one hour ata temperature of 20 to 30 "(J;:in asolution indicating 20 to 25 on a salinometer. These. numbers vary for the variousfspecies of grains,seeds, fruit and so forth.

The temperature ofth'e solution, the duration of'th e immersion and thepercentage of-salt should" bevproportional to the resistance of theproducts,: the permeability and sensibility of'which are different foreach species. When the maceration is finished the grains should bewithdrawn from the solution'and'left todrip. This solution may serveindefinitely; in case it should become charged with foreign bodies it issuflicient to boil and filter it so as to rest-ore its primary eflicacy.ago

Second" mwoemtzOa-Thfi consists in placing the wet-grains in the. macerator K, filled with hot*water and maintained at a temperaturesufficiently high to effect the complete softening of the products; Tem-19.5 perature and; duration of maceration are difierent for each speciesof grain; In a general manner the temperature should not exceed thatatwliich the. albuminous matter will. coagulate. I

' NVhen the grains allow their, contents tobe pressed out by fthefingers they should be transferred to'th'e distributer J 7 Next, themotor should be started.

The feeder J discharges; the grains on the gauze-C and being carriedaway by thesame they are squeezed between the cylinder A and the drum B.The cylinder A exerts on. these grains its double action-of pressureandtraction. Under this .action the grains open and spread out and therubber, owing to its yielding pressure forces the soft pulp throughthemeshes or perforations of the gauze orvsheet C which retains; the husks.The'latterare carried 'away by the gauze or sheet C, knock" against thescraper Iiwhich' detaches and causes them to drop into thebranreceptacle J;

' The soft pulp is taken up andcarried away with the gauze orsheet'D-and is sub ters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a hydro-pulp-extractor of the kind set forth, the combination of arotary drum provided with a peripheral sheet of metallic gauze, anendless sheet of metallic gauze coarser than the drum gauze, means forgauze, an endless sheet of metallic gauze coarser than the drum gauze,means for pressing the two sheets against each other, a grain-feedercomprising a hopper and a register for controlling the supply of grain,means for pressing the material against the endless sheet, and means forremoving the paste collected within the rotatable drum carried along bythe metallic sheet.

3. In a hydro-pulp-extractor of the kind set forth, the combination of arotary drum provided on its periphery with a sheet of metallic gauze, anendless sheet of metallic gauze coarser than the drum gauze, saidendless sheet bearing on a portion of the drums periphery, agrain-feeder, resilient means for pressing the grain onto said end lesssheet and at the same time pressing said endless sheet'against the drumsheet, means for collecting the paste within the drum and means forremoving the paste.

4. In a hydro-pulp-extractor of the kind set forth, the combination of arotary drum provided on its periphery with a flexible sheet of metallicgauze, a flexible endless sheet of metallic gauze coarser than the drumgauze and bearing on a portion of the drums periphery, a grain feeder,rubber cylinders adapted to press against the metallic sheets,supporting members forsaid cylinders adapted to be moved toward and awayfrom the drum, means for collecting the paste within the drum, means forremoving the paste and means for collecting the husks.

5. In a hydro-pulp-extractor of the kind set forth, the combination of arotary drum provided on its periphery with a flexible sheet of metallicgauze, a flexible endless sheet of metallic gauze coarser than the drumgauze and bearing on a portion of the drums periphery, a grain feedercomprising a hopper, a register adapted to, move thereunder and a screwon said hopper for controlling said register, rubber cylinders adaptedto press against the metallic sheets, supporting members for saidcylinders adapted to be moved toward and away from the drum, and twoscrapers one of which bears on the internal surface of the sheet of thedrum and the other on the external surface of the endless sheet.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES CHARLES ADRIEN POIN'IE. Witnesses:

MARGILLES FRANQOIS, NICOLAS CHAPUIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0."

